Certified Emission Reduction (CER) credits are units to measure reduction in emission from greenhouse gases (GHG) like carbon dioxide, hydro and chlorofluorocarbons, etc.
One carrbon credit is equal to 1 tonne of CO2 reduction.
The 170 countries who agreed on the Kyoto Protocol set quotas on emmisioon of installations run by local businesss, called 'operators'.
Each operator has an allowance of credits, where each unit gives the owner the right to emit one metric tonne of carbon dioxide or equivalent GHG.
Opeators who have not used up their quota, can sell their unsed allowances as carbon credits, while business that exceed quota , can buy the extra allowances as credits.
Showing posts with label warming co2. Show all posts
Showing posts with label warming co2. Show all posts
Saturday, December 1, 2007
Kyoto Protocol
International agreement, dated December 11, 1997, aimed at reducing greenhouse gas emissions that cause climate change.
Was agreed upon at a Kyoto, and covers more than 170 countrries.
The protocol requirres developed countries to reduce their GHG emission below levels specified for each of them in the Treaty.
These targets must be met withhin a five-year time frame between 2008 and 2012, and add up to total cut in GHG emission of atleast 5 pecent, as against the basline of 1990.
As of November 2007, the US and Kazakhstan are the only signatory nations not to have ratified the act.
Was agreed upon at a Kyoto, and covers more than 170 countrries.
The protocol requirres developed countries to reduce their GHG emission below levels specified for each of them in the Treaty.
These targets must be met withhin a five-year time frame between 2008 and 2012, and add up to total cut in GHG emission of atleast 5 pecent, as against the basline of 1990.
As of November 2007, the US and Kazakhstan are the only signatory nations not to have ratified the act.
Global Warming
Global warming refers to the increase of average world temperatues due to greenhouse gas effect frrom emission. A major contribution is large scale deforestation. However , the more significant culprits are coal , oil and fossil fuels burned in power stations, cas and factories.
While carrbon dioxide contrributes about 50 per cent the greenhouse effect, other gases that also add to the greenhouse effect are methane, chlorofluorocarbons and nitrous oxide (N2O).
Reportedly, the amount of methane in the air has increased by 1 percent per year, much faster than the build up of carbon dioxide.
While carrbon dioxide contrributes about 50 per cent the greenhouse effect, other gases that also add to the greenhouse effect are methane, chlorofluorocarbons and nitrous oxide (N2O).
Reportedly, the amount of methane in the air has increased by 1 percent per year, much faster than the build up of carbon dioxide.
Sunday, October 21, 2007
Global Warming Solutions
Political Solution
Fund and expand mass transitCreate a critical mass.
In communities all over the United States, mass transit systems are being installed in a concerted effort to motivate people to not drive as much. Over the next 12 years, Denver–a metropolitan area built around the automobile–is creating a 119-mile system of commuter rail and 18 miles of bus rapid transit. And in the Midwest, Minneapolis-St. Paul unveiled its light-rail line two years ago and ridership has exceeded all expectations.
Why the sudden interest in new mass transit systems? A reduction in driving saves gas–and in this era of concern about our level of imported oil, mass transit can make a big difference.
When a gallon of gas is used for fuel, the combustion process releases 19.6 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. So every gallon of gas we don’t use keeps about 20 pounds of CO2 from being added to our global warming problems.
In cities with older transportation infrastructure such as Chicago, ELPC and others are advocating for significant capital investment dedicated to refurbishing mass transit systems that have suffered from years of chronic underfunding.
The results of that underfunding are clear:
Deferred maintenance that has slowed train service on many portions of Chicago’s rapid-transit lines to a crawl Decrepit stations built almost a century ago that turn off potential new riders Dirty, odor-filled equipment that makes the rider experience unpleasant There’s no question that in cities like Chicago, people want to ride mass transit. Rail ridership–despite “slow zones” growing seemingly exponentially–grew 5% in 2006. Imagine what the growth would be–and what the global warming pollution reduction would be–if the trains were fast, the stations clean, and equipment attractive.
Fund and expand mass transitCreate a critical mass.
In communities all over the United States, mass transit systems are being installed in a concerted effort to motivate people to not drive as much. Over the next 12 years, Denver–a metropolitan area built around the automobile–is creating a 119-mile system of commuter rail and 18 miles of bus rapid transit. And in the Midwest, Minneapolis-St. Paul unveiled its light-rail line two years ago and ridership has exceeded all expectations.
Why the sudden interest in new mass transit systems? A reduction in driving saves gas–and in this era of concern about our level of imported oil, mass transit can make a big difference.
When a gallon of gas is used for fuel, the combustion process releases 19.6 pounds of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. So every gallon of gas we don’t use keeps about 20 pounds of CO2 from being added to our global warming problems.
In cities with older transportation infrastructure such as Chicago, ELPC and others are advocating for significant capital investment dedicated to refurbishing mass transit systems that have suffered from years of chronic underfunding.
The results of that underfunding are clear:
Deferred maintenance that has slowed train service on many portions of Chicago’s rapid-transit lines to a crawl Decrepit stations built almost a century ago that turn off potential new riders Dirty, odor-filled equipment that makes the rider experience unpleasant There’s no question that in cities like Chicago, people want to ride mass transit. Rail ridership–despite “slow zones” growing seemingly exponentially–grew 5% in 2006. Imagine what the growth would be–and what the global warming pollution reduction would be–if the trains were fast, the stations clean, and equipment attractive.
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